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 The History of 10 Meters
Posted by9w2pck on Thursday, February 26 @ 17:04:34 MYT
Contributed by 9w2pck
The
Amateur Radio 10 Meter Band was created in
1928 after the International Radiotelegraph Conference was held in
Washington, DC, USA. Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday
(link will display full calendar). ...
Ham Radio lost the 300 kHz segment from 29.700 MHz to 30.000 MHz in
1947. Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting
on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ...
Launched in
1970 on a
NASA flight OSCAR-5 was the first
OSCAR to transmit on the Amateur 10 meter band and was built at University
of Melbourne, Australia.
In the late
1970s with the impending American FCC ban of the sale of older 23 channel
Citizens' band radio equipment that did not meet the more stringent type
acceptance of the newer 40 channel units meant that a surplus of 23 channel CB
gear was on the market. This was a windfall for Amateur Radio enthusiasts
allowing them access to fairly inexpensive radios which could easily be modified
for use in the 10 meter band.
American Novice and Technician class licensees were granted
CW and
SSB segments on the 10 Meter Band in
1987
As of December 19th, 2006 Morse code was dropped from testing, and now
Technician Plus and Technician class licensees can use the band from 28.100MHz
to 28.300MHz for CW/RTTY/DATA and 28.300MHz to 28.500MHz for CW and SSB PHONE.
Ham Radio lost the 300 kHz segment from 29.700 MHz to 30.000 MHz in 1947. Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ...
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Operating
on 10 Meters
![]()
A mobile
10-Meter radio
Being a
very wide band in HF terms, many different transmission modes can be found on 10
meters.
Morse Code and other
Narrowband modes found toward the bottom portion of the band,
Single-sideband modulation (SSB) from 28.300 MHz and above,
Wideband modes such as
Amplitude Modulation (AM) and
Frequency Modulation (FM) are found near the top portion of the band.
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (858x530,
274 KB) Other versions Originally from en. ... Image File history File
linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (858x530, 274 KB) Other versions
Originally from en. ... 1922 Chart of the Morse Code
Letters and Numerals Morse code is a method for transmitting information, using
standardized sequences of short and long marks or pulses — commonly known as
dots and dashes — for the letters, numerals, punctuation and special
characters of a message. ... Narrowband
(narrow bandwidth) refers to a signal which occupies only a small amount of
space on the radio spectrum -- the opposite of broadband or wideband. ...
Single-sideband modulation (SSB) is a refinement of
the technique of amplitude modulation designed to be more efficient in its use
of electrical power and bandwidth. ... Wideband is a relative term used
to describe a wide range of frequencies in a spectrum. ...
[[Amplitude modulation]] (AM) is a technique used in
electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting information via a
carrier wave wirelessly. ... Frequency
modulation (FM) is a form of modulation which represents information as
variations in the instantaneous frequency of a carrier wave. ...
Propagation Characteristics
Due to its unique spot in the spectrum, 10 meters can be fascinating, if not
occasionally challenging, to work. At peak times of the
solar cycle and
sunspots appear on the Sun's surface, 10 meters can be alive with extremely
long-distance signals, refracting from the F2 layer in the ionosphere. Primarily
a daytime band, 10 meters will come alive during high solar periods not long
after sunrise, and often remain "open" until after sunset.
Long distance opportunities via F2 seem to follow the
Sun across the globe. In
North America, for instance, F2 might bring
Europe and Western
Asia in the morning, The Americas during midday, and perhaps Eastern Asia in
the afternoon.
Even in times of
solar minimum, when F2 is rarely available, 10 meters still has some long
distance possibilities.
Sporadic E propagation can bring in signals from a few hundred to a few
thousand miles away. Sporadic E on 10 meters is mainly a seasonal event, with
Summer being prime time for the mode. A shorter, less-intense period is seen
mid-Winter, often between Christmas and New Year. Other, off-peak openings may
be seen almost anytime. Even in solar minimum, F2 openings often occur on
transequatorial paths, for example between Europe and
Southern Africa or between Pacific
North America and the Eastern Pacific islands.
The Sub-Bands
Although 10 meters has a worldwide amateur radio allocation, in some
countries the use of portions of 10 meters is allocated by the government by
license class, by signal mode and/or signal bandwidth. Beyond these regulations
there is also a general voluntary band plan adhered to by amateurs throughout
the world.
The Novice Sub-Bands
Named for the segment of 10 meters granted for use to old American Novice
Class Amateur Radio license holders the Novice sub-bands consist of two
frequency ranges; one for CW and Data operation the other for SSB phone
operation.
The Novice CW Portion
28.000 MHz - 28.300 MHz Is a very active part of 10 meters for CW
operation.
The Novice Phone
Portion
28.300 MHz - 28.500 MHz is probably the most active part of the 10
meter band. Operation in this segment is almost exclusively SSB world
wide.
The Beacon Sub-Bands
Because the propagation on 10 meters can vary drastically on 10
meters throughout the day, propagation beacons are very important to
gauge the current conditions of the band. With some differences in each
ITU Regions and also from country to country, the beacon sub-bands
fall between 28.100 MHz and 28.300 MHz. ITU Region 1 is generally 28.190
MHz - 28.225 MHz and ITU Region 2 is generally 28.200 MHz - 28.300 MHz.
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU), in its International
Radio Regulations, divides the world into three ITU regions for the
purposes of managing the global radio spectrum. ...
The AM Sub-Band
From 29.000 MHz to 29.200 MHz. Common practice was to use the band in
10 kHz steps. Originally 29.010, 29.020, 29.030,... etc. This has not
been the case since the 1970s influx of surplus 23 channel CB equipment.
The surplus equipment would land in 10 kHz steps on the 5 kHz step such
as: 29.015, 29.025, 29.035,... etc. Users of the surplus equipment also
inherited those radio's odd channel spacing which on the CB band skipped
channels that there were meant for remote control operations.
The Satellite Sub-Band
From 29.300 MHz to 29.510 MHz the satellite sub band allows amateur
radio operaters to communicate with orbiting
OSCARs. Other uses of this frequency range are strongly discouraged.
OSCAR is an acronym for Orbital Satellite Carrying Amateur Radio. ...
Satellite Operation on
10 Meters
Many OSCARs have either an uplink or a downlink in the 29 MHz range.
Information about particular satellites and operational modes is
available from
AMSAT.
The FM Sub-Band
From 29.510 MHz to 29.700, The FM sub-band is usually channelized
into
repeater and
simplex frequencies. The channels are commonly grouped into repeater
inputs, simplex, and repeater output frequencies.
An Icom Radio Repeater. ... In
geometry, a simplex (plural: simplices) or n-simplex is an n-dimensional
analogue of a triangle. ...
Repeater Input Channels: 29.520, 29.530, 29.540, 29.550, 29.560, 29.570,
29.580 and 29.590 MHz.
Simplex Channels: 29.600 and 29.610 MHz
Repeater Output Channels: 29.620 29.630, 29.640, 29.650, 29.660, 29.670,
29.680 and 29.690 MHz.
Repeater Operation on
10 Meters
Common practice for 10 meter repeaters is to use a 100 kHz negative
offset for repeater operation. Due to the very few available repeater
channels "odd-splits" (Offsets differing from 100 kHz) and non-standard
frequencies are not uncommon. Because 10 meters can frequently open up
to propagate globally most all 10 meter repeters use a
CTCSS sub-audible access tone.
In telecommunications, squelch is a circuit function that acts to
suppress the audio (or video) output of a receiver. ...
Aficionados
Due to its unique nature, 10 meters has a large following of
hobbyists who center most of their time on this frequency band. The
major group of enthusiasts is Ten-Ten
[1] which has been organized since the
1960s. The 1960s decade refers to the years
from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ...
Mediumwave radio transmissions (sometimes called
Medium frequency or MF) are those between the frequencies of 300 kHz and
3000 kHz. ... High frequency (HF) radio
frequencies are between 3 and 30 MHz. ...
Ham radio station with modern solid-state
transceiver featuring LCD display and DSP capabilities Ham radio station
with vintage vacuum tube gear featuring separate transmitter, receiver
and power supply Amateur radio, often called Ham radio, is a hobby and
public service enjoyed by about 6 million people throughout the world.
... A band is a small section of the
spectrum of radio communication frequencies, in which channels are
usually used or set aside for the same purpose. ...
Monument in Bern, Switzerland. ...
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU),
in its International Radio Regulations, divides the world into three ITU
regions for the purposes of managing the global radio spectrum. ...
At just above the AM Broadcast band, 160 meters is
the lowest radio frequency band alloted for use by Amateur Radio
operators. ... This article needs a
complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ...
Shortwave bands are frequency allocations for use
within the high frequency radio spectrum. ...
This article needs a
complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ...
This article needs a complete rewrite for the
reasons listed on the talk page. ... This
article needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk
page. ...
Shortwave bands are frequency allocations for use within the high
frequency radio spectrum. ...
Shortwave bands are frequency allocations
for use within the high frequency radio spectrum. ...
Shortwave bands are frequency allocations for use
within the high frequency radio spectrum. ...
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